By Gideon Polya
ISBN-10: 0415308291
ISBN-13: 9780415308298
This completely listed booklet summarizes a wealth of knowledge at the biochemical ambitions of plant shielding compounds, and is an a useful reference for all biomedical execs.
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Extra info for Biochemical Targets of Plant Bioactive Compounds: A Pharmacological Reference Guide to Sites of Action and Biological Effects
Sample text
Further, head-to-tail reaction of geranylpyrophosphate (Clo-PP) with isopentenylpyrophosphate (C,-PP) yields farnesylpyrophosphate H(CH,-C(CH,)=CHCH2)3-O-P03-POt3 (CI,-PP), the parent of plant sesquiterpenes. Head to tail condensation of farnesylpyrophosphate (C [,-PP) with IP-PP (C,-PP) yields geranylgeranylpyrophosphate H(CH2-C(CH3)=CH-CH2)~1-O-PO:3-POt3 (C2,,-PP), the parent of plant diterpenes. Representing the PP-end as the "head", head-to-head condensation of two geranylgeranylpyrophosphate (C2()-PP)molecules ultimately yields phytoene (C4()),that is, if one represents the isoprenylpyrophosphate polarities as IP-PP and PP-PI, one could represent phytoene as (IP)4-(PI)4.
Isoflavonoids. Isoflavonoids have a common structural element of a 3-phenyl chromarle which is thence modified by oxidation and substitution to yield the different classes within this group, namely the isoflavones, isoflavanones, isoflavans, pterocarpans, rotenoids and coumestans. The isoflavonoids are very largely confined to the legumes (Fabaceae) and marly such compounds have antifungal activity Many isoflavonoids are phytoalexins, that is, antifungal compounds synthesized in response to fungal infection of the plant.
The diarylheptanoids are variously C O X and 5-LOX inhibitors. A variety of other phenylpropanoids have been shown to inhibit particular enzymes including (target enzyme in parentheses): corliferyl aldehyde and the amide fagaramide (COX); the biphenylpropanoid glycosides forsythiaside, hellicoside and susperlsaside (5-LOX and CAMPphosphodiesterase); the allylbenzene myristicirl (monoamine oxidase); the tricaffeic acid salvianolic acid A (gastric H f secreting H f -ATPase); the caffeic acid esters vanicosides A and B and the diferuloyl curcumin (protein kinases); curcumin and caffeic pherlethyl ester (HIV-1 integrase); caffeic acid (xanthine oxidase); and ferulic acid, curcumin, the diarylheptarloid yakuchinone B and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy cirnlamaldehyde (tyrosinase).
Biochemical Targets of Plant Bioactive Compounds: A Pharmacological Reference Guide to Sites of Action and Biological Effects by Gideon Polya
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